Idag Tjekien, Prachensky, Bresnice
The Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People hade INTE document från denna stad.
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Today Czeck repulic, Prachensky, Bresnice
The Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People did NOT have any documents from this town.
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The small town Breznice is situated about 17 km north of the town Blatna on the small river Vlcava (also called Skalice on upper and middle reaches), 462 m a.s.l.
The history of the town dates back to the 13th century - there was a Gothic fortress (or castle) in the place of the current chateau for the protection of the trade route. In the 14th century the silver mines were founded in the surroundings of the village. Thanks to them the importance of the town grew. In 1422 the fortress was burnt down. At the end of the 15th century its ruins were rebuilt into the Renaissance chateau. The Lords of Loksany acquired the town at that time and it was the beginning of its biggest growth.
The most known sight is the chateau, reconstructed at the end of the 20th century. There is the gallery of the painter Ludvik Kuba and the town museum in the complex.
The originally Jesuit Church of St. Ignatius of Loyola is the dominant feature of the town. It was built between 1642 - 1650 and it is arranged with valuable carvings.
The significant sight of town layout is the Jewish ghetto called Loksany, which was founded in 1570 by Ferdinand from Loksany. The district lies near the town square and it has its own small square, the small Napoleonic town hall and the small Baroque palace of the family of Loksany.
The small St. Roch's Church (1643 - 1649) stands in the cemetery south of the square.
Interesting places in the surroundings
Another sight of the life of the Jews in Breznice is the old Jewish cemetery, which lies about 0.5 km north of the town on the right side of the road in the direction of the small town Rozmital pod Tremsinem.
small village Pastiky
small town Mirovice
small town Cimelice
village Belcice
town with chateau Blatná
OrlIk nad Vltavou chateau
Memorial near Lety
Zakov Bridge
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Jewish cemntry:
BREZNICE: US Commission No. CZCE000319
Breznice is located in Bohemia province at 49º33' 13º58', km SSW of Pribram and 44 km SE of Plzen. Cemetery is 1200 meter NNW of square, near the brook called Vlcava. Present town population is 1,000-5,000; probably no Jews.
Local: Vladimir Poul, Mestsky Urad, 262 72 Breznice.
Regional: Ms. Engineer Touzimska, Okresni Urad-Referat Kultury, Jiraskovy sady 240; 261 01 Pribram; tel. 0306/511; also: Zidovska Nabozenska Obec v Praze, Maislova 18 110 01 Praha 1; tel. 02/231-69-25; also: Pamatkovy ustav, Ceskomoravska 20-21, 190 00 Praha 9; tel. 02/853-57-46.
Interested: Statni Zidovske Muzeum, Jachymova 3, 110 01 Praha 1; tel. 02/231-06-34 or 02/231-07-85; also: Mestske Muzeum, zamek, 262 72 Breznice; also: Okresni Muzeum, namesti H. Klicky 293, 261 02 Pribram; tel. 0306/4734 or 4746.
Earliest known Jewish community was in the second half of the 16th century or the first half of the 17th century. There were 30 Jews. [sic] Founding of the ghetto was allegedly in 1562 or 1570. Archives of Jewish congregation burned in 1821. Peak Jewish population was in mid-19th century (190 people). Later, Jews moved to big towns. Well-known Prague trader and financier Joachim von Popper (d. 1795), one of the first Jews raised to nobility in the Hapsburg monarchy, lived here. The landmarked cemetery originated before 1617. Buried here include rabbis, regional (county) rabbis, and Wolf Popper, head of Bohemian Jewry. Last known Conservative Jewish burial was before 1943. The rural, flat isolated site has a masonry wall with only one gap and non-locking gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. Original and current size of the cemetery is 0.2384 ha. Approximate the number of gravestones in cemetery, is 100-500. Number of stone in original location, regardless of condition is 100-500. Less than 25% toppled or broken, Modern tombstones stolen. The cemetery is not divided into sections. Oldest known tombstone is late 17th century. Stones date from 17th-20th centuries. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. There are no known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are agricultural. Frequently, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimages, organized individual tours and private visitors stop. It was vandalized between World War II and the last 10 years and occasionally in the last 10 years, including modern tombstones and ceremony hall. Local non-Jewish residents and local/municipal authorities cleared vegetation periodically. There is no care. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house. Very serious threat: security and vandalism, due to free access. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and vegetation. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal threat, preventing access.
Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 15500 Praha 5 tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on Aug. 29, 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1570, 1618, 1849 and 1930; Die Juden und Judengemeinden Boehmens (1934) (The Jews & Jewish Communities of Bohemia), Jahrbuch fuer die israelische Cultusgemeinden Boehmens (1893-4); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries... (1980). Engineer M. Maly (see above) visited site in 1992
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Joachim Edler von Popper
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Joachim Edler von Popper (20 October 1722 - 11 May 1795) Court Jew to the Habsburgs.
Joachim was born Chajim (Chaim) Popper in Breznice (Breznitz), Bohemia (currently in the Czech Republic). He was the son of Wolf Popper, Primator (Chief Judge) of the Jews of Bohemia.
Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor had a monopoly on tobacco in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Leopold divided the monopoly into leases awarded to Joachim, Israel Edler von Hönigsberg (born Israel Hönig), and Salomon Dobruschka.
On 27 May, 1790 Joachim was ennobled as the first "Edler von Popper." He was the second Austrian Jew to be ennobled as a Jew. In other words, he did not have to convert to Catholicism or be baptized in order to be ennobled.
Joachim founded the bet ha-midrash in Prague with Israel Fränkel, and funded the building of the Popper Synagogue.
Joachim did not have any children, but adopted Simon Popper, who inherited his title as Simon Edler von Popper (Joachim Edler von Popper was actually his paternal grandfather's 1st cousin). He also adopted his nephew Abraham Löbl Duschenes, who inherited his title as Andreas Josef Edler von Popper.
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At the end of the 18th century the local rabbi was R. Baruch Muneles who resided in Breznice and who got a positive mention in the work by R. Jecheskel Landau "Node bi Jehuda".
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www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0004_0_03531.html
BREZNICE
BREZNICE (Cz. Breznice; Ger. Bresnitz-Lokschan), town in Bohemia, Czech Republic. Jews settled there in 1592. The Jewish quarter, with a synagogue and cemetery established about 1720, was in the suburb of Lokšany. The synagogue was destroyed by fire in 1821 but subsequently rebuilt. The two "primators" of Bohemian Jewry, Wolf and Joachim *Popper, originated from Breznice. Its rabbis included Isaac Spitz, son-in-law of Eleazar *Fleckeles and author of a volume of poems, Matamei Yi??ak (Prague, 1843). In 1897 the community adopted Czech as the official language, closing down its German-language school in 1901. The community numbered 17 families in 1649. In 1731, 22 Jewish houses were recorded. There were 30 Jewish families in 1840, 118 Jewish persons in 1900, and 30 in 1930. Those remaining on the outbreak of World War II were deported to death camps in 1942. The old Jewish quarter, called Lokšany, still exists, offering an example of ghetto town planning.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
S. Krauss, Joachim Edler von Popper (1926), 1–14; J. Polák-Rokycana, in: H. Gold (ed.), Juden und Judengemeinden Boehmens (1934), 63–69; idem, in: Ceskožidovský kalendár, 42 (1922/23), 114–27; 45 (1925/26), 97–106. ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. Fiedler, Jewish Sights of Bohemia and Moravia (1991).
[Oskar K. Rabinowicz]
Source: Encyclopaedia Judaica. © 2008 The Gale Group. All Rights Reserved